Everything about John Pepper totally explained
John Pepper, real name
József Pogány, also known as
Joseph, (
1886 -
1937) was a
Hungarian Jewish-born
Communist active in the
United States. His original name was
Josef Schwartz.
Pogány participated in the
Hungarian Soviet Republic of
1919 with
Béla Kun, and, after its failure, he fled to
Austria and later to
Soviet Russia.
He was accused in taking part on
October 31,
1918 in the murder of former Hungarian Prime Minister
Count István Tisza. In the
trial of
1921 he was convicted of
murder, but being then in
Vienna, the Social-Democratic Austrian government refused his
extradition, thus the
sentence was never enforced.
As
Ferenc Göndör (Nathan Kraus) a former comrade of Pogány wrote in his book "Confessions" (printed in
Vienna in
1923), Pogány was repudiated by even his father (Vilmos Schwarz), who later committed
suicide after being dismissed from his function as
hazzan.
In the
Soviet Union, Pogány became active in the
Comintern. Using his new name John Pepper, he went illegally to the United States in
1922 to assist with the
Hungarian language Federation of the American Communist movement, learned English quickly and soon became one of the
Workers Party's most authoritative voices. Pepper was a member of the editorial board of the
The Liberator in the early 1920s, writing articles on international affairs.
It is also known that John Pepper in the 1920s spent some time in
Stockholm,
Sweden and worked with the
Communist Party there.
Pepper returned to the US as
Joseph Stalin's agent to oversee the expulsion of
Trotskyists in the
Communist Party, USA, and especially assisting the
Stalinists in their struggle with
James P. Cannon. However, later back in the
Soviet Union, Pepper would himself become a victim of the
Great Purges in 1937.
Works in English
- For a Labor Party: Recent Revolutionary Changes in American Politics: A Statement by the Workers Party. 1922.
- "Underground Radicalism": An Open Letter to Eugene V. Debs and to All Honest Workers Within the Socialist Party. 1923.
- The General Strike and the General Betrayal. 1926.
Further Information
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